In my reading of biographies, autobiographies, and history, I have come across many illustrious figures who were in one way or another orphaned at an early age. I am not the first to notice this trend and correlation. The clinical psychologist Meg Jay has noted that childhood trauma and exceptional achievement go together. Meg Jay details one classic study of 400 super high achievers, those who had at least two biographies written about them due to their positive contributions. When the researchers examined the lives of these success stories, they found that a remarkable 75 percent of them had faced severe difficulties, such as the loss of a parent, dire poverty, or abuse in childhood.
It has been noted that in several cases, early struggles teach extreme resilience that leads to incredible achievement. Why do harsh beginnings create such exceptional individuals? Orphans or anyone who had a tough childhood put up with serious challenges and problems in their lives. They need to be tough and not deal with people’s crap. If someone with a family hurts their feelings, they can just reach out to their parents and talk about it. What of orphans?
Facing adversity at such a young age makes you very tough when you lose your primary caregiver when you are so young and having to overcome such a hard challenge. Orphans look for mother and father figures all through their childhood. As a matter of fact, I have had numerous father and mother figures in the church, school, and later from books in my childhood and teenage years. I tried to emulate the best of their behaviours and pattern my character after such figures. And so do many orphans.
People may not understand the relationship challenges that face orphans on a day to basis. It becomes difficult to be loved by others because orphans subject their souls to self-reliance early on. No one can ever relate to the pain and struggles they face. No one but their fellow orphans. Only another orphan would.
When you are faced with death at such an early age, a veil is lifted up and you feel fragile. You are faced with just sadness and numbness and extortionate pain and sometimes it feels like living hell. It is almost like a leg of a table coming out and so there has to be a kind of readjustment. You have to work on yourself and find a way of making sense of what happened to you and you may end up having a kind of growth mindset. You may end up becoming a fantastic leader. Ironically, you may end up becoming an extremely optimistic person. 1 in 3 American presidents lost a parent in their youth. Abraham Lincoln, Franklin Roosevelt, Bill Clinton, Barack Obama…
Many people who lose parents as children go on to become highly successful. Why? It is post-traumatic growth. There may be things that children and young people take from it, a greater sense of maturity, and a different sense of purpose. There is something about empathy. Somebody who has been through an experience like that may be a better listener, whether that leads to leadership or not. The correlation between a significant early loss, like the death of a parent, and leadership, particularly successful leaders doing great things is probably to do with passion and drive, wanting to make a difference, and somehow, at some level, wanting to make that person proud.
It is worth noting that grief doesn’t really go away. You grow around your grief and create a bigger world so that you’re not suffocated by the grief. Losing a parent can be destabilizing, many children end up in the streets and prison, unemployed, the downside can be simply staggering.
What is the best way to care for orphans? Adopt one. Children’s homes do their work, but the best environment for a child is a familial one. A child yearns to belong in a family not in a children’s home. Families and normal communities should gradually and intentionally replace children’s homes and orphanages. You can read on more about this by going to “I wish someone had taken me in when my mother died” by Stephen and “Charity or commerce? Hidden home truths about orphanages“
It is awesome to see and read what people who have lost the most important element of growing and attachment have become. Here is a list of famous orphans. The list has been picked from Wikipedia. You can read the entire “List of orphans and foundlings” in Wikipedia. According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.
Scientists and scholars
- Ibn Khaldun, North African Arab historiographer and historian
- Jean le Rond d’Alembert, French mathematician, abandoned as an infant
- Jöns Jacob Berzelius, Swedish chemist and one of the founders of modern chemistry
- Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist and philosopher
- Max Born, German physicist and mathematician who was instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics
- Robert Boyle, Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist and inventor
- Henry Cavendish, British natural philosopher, scientist, and an important experimental and theoretical chemist and physicist
- Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish Renaissance mathematician and astronomer
- Marie Curie, Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity, the first woman to win a Nobel Prize
- Charles Darwin, English scientist
- René Descartes, French philosopher and polymath
- Arthur Eddington, English astronomer, physicist, and mathematician
- Willem Einthoven, Dutch doctor, physiologist and received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician
- Alexander Fleming, Scottish biologist, pharmacologist and botanist
- Fritz Haber, German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German philosopher and an important figure of German idealism
- Alexander von Humboldt, Prussian polymath
- Wilhelm von Humboldt, Prussian philosopher and public figure
- David Hume, Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist
- James Hutton, Scottish geologist, physician, chemical manufacturer, naturalist, and experimental agriculturalist
- Edward Jenner, English physician and scientist, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine, the world’s first vaccine
- Irène Joliot-Curie, French scientist second woman to win a Nobel Prize
- Immanuel Kant, German philosopher who is considered the central figure of modern philosophy
- Johannes Kepler, German scientist, raised by grandmother
- Antoine Lavoisier, French chemist and father of modern chemistry
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, German polymath and philosopher
- Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist, who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics
- Ada Lovelace, English mathematician and writer, chiefly known for her work on Charles Babbage‘s early mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine
- James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish scientist in the field of mathematical physics
- Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist and inventor
- Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician
- Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher, writer, and linguist
- Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Christian philosopher
- Emmi Pikler, Hungarian pediatrician and infant-education theorist
- Paul Ricœur, French philosopher, for combining phenomenological description with hermeneutics
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French philosopher, raised by aunt and uncle
- Arthur Rudolph, German rocket engineer
- Bertrand Russell, British philosopher, orphaned at age 3
- Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher, writer, and activist
- Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher
- Adam Smith, Scottish moral philosopher and pioneer of political economy
- Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher of Sephardi/Portuguese origin
- Voltaire, French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher
- Wilhelm Wundt, German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor
- John Bardeen, American physicist and electrical engineer
- George Washington Carver, American scientist, inventor, orphaned while a slave
- Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist
- Linus Pauling, American chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, and educator
- Percy Spencer, American inventor, orphaned in childhood
- Robert Taylor, American internet pioneer, adopted at age 28 days
Business people
- Roman Abramovich, Russian businessman and politician
- Gianni Agnelli, Italian industrialist and principal shareholder of Fiat
- Anthony Bacon, British iron pioneer
- Karl Benz, German engine designer and automobile engineer
- André Citroën, French industrialist and freemason
- Thomas Cook, English founded the travel agency Thomas Cook & Son
- Jakob Fugger, German major merchant, mining entrepreneur and banker of Europe
- Christine Lagarde, French Managing Director (MD) of the International Monetary Fund
- Wilhelm Maybach, German engine designer and industrialist
- Rudolf August Oetker, German entrepreneur
- Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate
- Mary Portas, English retail consultant, and broadcaster, orphaned at age 18
- Vidal Sassoon, British beauty products magnate, placed in an orphanage at age 7
- Hans Wilsdorf, German-born British founder of noted watch brands Rolex and Tudor Watches
- Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German general and aircraft manufacturer.
- Arthur E. Andersen, American accounting firm founder, orphaned as a teen
- L. Bean, American retail catalog magnate, orphaned at age 12
- William Boeing, American aviation pioneer who founded The Boeing Company
- Adolph Coors, German American brewer who founded the Adolph Coors Company
- August Duesenberg and Fred Duesenberg, German-born American automobile pioneers, designers, manufacturers and sportsmen
- Henry Ford, American founder of Ford Motor Company
- Samuel Goldwyn, American film mogul, raised by relatives
- John Hancock, American merchant, statesman and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution
- Howard Hughes, American entrepreneur
- Jenna Jameson, American entrepreneur, webcam model and former pornographic film actress
- Steve Jobs, American Apple Computer founder, adopted as infant
- Howard Lutnick, American CEO of Cantor Fitzgerald, orphaned as a teen
- John Molson, 18th century Canadian brewer
- Tom Monaghan, American Domino’s Pizza founder, partially raised in an orphanage
- Colonel Sanders, American businessman, founder of Kentucky Fried Chicken
- Carlos Slim, Mexican business magnate, investor, and philanthropist
- Levi Strauss, American Jewish businessman
- Dave Thomas, American Wendy’s entrepreneur adoption advocate, adopted as an infant
- Jerry Yang, Taiwanese American Internet entrepreneur and programmer
Figures from classical history and religious scripture
- Amenhotep III, pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty
- Hatshepsut, pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt
- Thutmose III, Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty
- Aandaal, Tamil saint, found in a temple garden
- Antiochus III the Great, Hellenistic Greek king and the 6th ruler of the Seleucid Empire
- Confucius, Chinese scholar & politician
- Cyrus the Great, Persian emperor, orphaned in childhood
- Esther, Jewish queen of the Persian king Ahasuerus
- Moses, religious leader, given up as an infant
- Sargon of Akkad, ruler of the Semitic-speaking Akkadian Empire
- Saint Nicholas, patron saint of children, orphaned early in childhood
- Pulcheria, Roman ruler “Augusta Imperatrix”
- Aristotle, Greek philosopher and scientist, orphaned in early childhood
- Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome
- Britannicus, son of the Roman emperor Claudius and his third wife Valeria Messalina
- Caligula, Roman emperor in AD 37–41
- Cato the Younger, Roman Republic, left an orphan and raised by his uncle
- Hadrian, Roman emperor
- Juba II, king of Numidia and then later moved to Mauretania and his wife Cleopatra Selene II
- Julian, Roman Emperor and philosopher
- Oedipus, mythical Greek king, abandoned on a mountain
- Pancras, Roman religious figure
- Galla Placidia, major force in Roman politics
- Romulus and Remus, traditional founders of Ancient Rome, orphaned in infancy
- Sulla, Roman general and statesman
- Lucius Verus, Roman Emperor
Civic and religious leaders
- Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, sixth Fatimid caliph and 16th Ismaili imam
- Jean-Bédel Bokassa, military officer and the head of state of the Central African Republic and Emperor of Central Africa
- Piet Joubert, military leader in South African Republic
- Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan politician and the first President of Kenya
- Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, South African activist and politician
- Nelson Mandela, president of South Africa, raised as a ward
- Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia
- Mobutu Sese Seko, military dictator and President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Akbar, rulers of the Mughal Dynasty in India
- Yasser Arafat, Palestinian leader
- Chulalongkorn, monarch of Siam
- Sayajirao Gaekwad III, Maharaja of Baroda State
- Go-Momozono, Emperor of Japan
- Go-Sakuramachi, Emperor of Japan
- Go-Toba, Emperor of Japan
- Hongwu, Chinese emperor
- Huineng, Buddhist monk who is one of the most important figures in Chan Buddhism
- Saddam Hussein, 5th President of Iraq
- Hu Jintao, Chinese politician and the paramount leader of China
- Chiang Kai-shek, Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China
- Genghis Khan, Mongol leader
- Mohammad Mosaddegh, Iranian politician, head of a democratically elected government and Prime Minister of Iran
- Muhammad, religious leader, orphaned at age 6
- Nripendra Narayan, Maharaja of the princely state of Koch Bihar
- Li Peng, Chinese politician
- Madho Singh II, Maharajadhiraja of Jaipur
- Seiwa, Emperor of Japan
- Nader Shah, Iranian rulers
- Reza Shah, Shah of Iran (Persia)
- Adi Shankaracharya, Scholar,Philosopher,Reformer, Advaita Vedanta Non-Dualism
- Theodora, empress of the Byzantine Empire
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian nationalist, teacher, lawyer and an independence activist
- Minamoto no Yoritomo, founder and the first shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan
- Pope Adrian VI
- Alfred the Great, King of Wessex from 871 to 899
- Yuri Andropov, Chairman of the KGB and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
- Anne of Brittany, French queen
- Eleanor of Aquitaine, member of the Ramnulfid dynasty and one of the most powerful women in the High Middle Ages
- Manuel Azaña, second Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic
- Charles V, ruler of both the Spanish Empire and the Holy Roman Empire
- Charlotte, wife of George III, King of England
- John Church, clergyman, found as a toddler
- Pope Clement VII
- Clovis I, first King of the Franks
- Edward VI of England, orphaned at age 9
- Elizabeth I, Queen of England
- Elizabeth of Russia, Empress of Russia
- Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, medieval monarch
- Henry VI, King of England and France
- Adolf Hitler, Fuhrer of Germany, orphaned at 18
- Ivan IV, Russian ruler, orphaned at age 8
- Joan II of Navarre, Queen of Navarre
- John I, King of Portugal and the Algarve
- Constantine Kanaris, Greek Prime Minister, admiral and politician, freedom fighter in the Greek War of Independence
- Rudolf Kirchschläger, Austrian diplomat, politician, judge and the eighth President of Austria
- Pope Leo X
- Louis XV, King of France
- Louis XVI of France
- Maria II, Queen regnant of the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
- Mary, Queen of Scots, and of France
- Catherine de’ Medici, Queen of France
- Peter II of Russia, Emperor of Russia
- Peter III of Russia, Emperor of Russia
- Philip IV, of France, called the Fair or the Iron King
- Maximilien Robespierre, French politician during the French Revolution, orphaned at 19
- Albrecht von Wallenstein, Bohemian military & political leader.
- William Bradford, colonial governor, orphaned at age 7
- George Clymer, early American politician
- Frederick Douglass, African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman
- Peter Francisco, soldier, found on a Virginia dock as a young child
- Mariano Gálvez, Guatemalan politician, foundling adopted and raised by Gálvez family
- Alexander Hamilton, American politician, orphaned at age 13
- John Hancock, American merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution
- Ben W. Hooper, governor of Tennessee, raised in an orphanage
- Herbert Hoover, U.S. president, orphaned at age 9
- Andrew Jackson, U.S. president, orphaned at age 14
- Benito Juarez, Mexican president, orphaned at age 3
- Edward Langworthy, American politician, raised in an orphanage
- Moctezuma II, ninth tlatoani or ruler of Tenochtitlan
- Malcolm X, politician and civil rights activist, raised in an orphanage and foster care
- Christopher G. Memminger, German American politician, raised in an orphanage
- James Monroe, fifth President of the United States
- Eleanor Roosevelt, U.S. First Lady & activist, orphaned at age 10
- Joseph F. Smith, American religious leader, orphaned at age 13
- Tenskwatawa, Native American religious and political leader of the Shawnee tribe
- Tom Vilsack, American politician, adopted at birth
For a list of Writers, Musicians and Singers, Artists, Actors, and Entertainers, Athletes head to “List of orphans and foundlings” in Wikipedia.
Awesome Article. Thx!